In this procedure, the damaged portions of the hip joint are removed and replaced by artificial components. Hip replacement surgery may be opted by patients if joint is severely damaged due to arthritis, fracture, avascular necrosis, etc and there is no relief with conservative management. It is a safe and effective procedure that would help relieve pain and increase mobility. The artificial joint is called a prosthesis and maybe made up of metal, ceramic, plastic or a combination of these.
PROCEDURE
It is done under general or spinal anaesthesia. The damaged femoral head is removed and replaced with a metal stem that is placed into the hollow center of the femur and cemented or press fit into the bone. A metal or ceramic ball is placed on the upper part of the stem replacing the damaged femoral head . The damaged cartilage surface of the socket (acetabulum) is removed and replaced with a metal socket, held in place by screws or cement. A plastic, ceramic, or metal spacer is inserted between the new ball and the socket to allow for a smooth gliding surface.
If needed, both Hip joints can be replaced simultaneously.
DURATION
The procedure takes 2-3 hours. Hospital stay would be of 7-10 days.
RECOVERY
Physical therapy is started from the second day of operation and has to be continued for 4-5 months. You might be advised to wear stockings for 2-6 weeks to prevent blood from clotting in the deep veins. Normal routine can be resumed after 8-10 weeks.
RISKS
- Infection
- Deep vein thrombosis
- Leg length inequality
- Loosening of implant
- Dislocation